Research Article

The Effects of Referential Questions in Pre-writing Activities on Students’ In-class Participation and Written Production

Volume: 10 Number: 2 June 26, 2021
TR EN

The Effects of Referential Questions in Pre-writing Activities on Students’ In-class Participation and Written Production

Abstract

Types of teacher questions play a crucial role in students’ foreign language development. Among teacher questions, referential questions asked to enable students to provide data not known by the teacher, express their views and exchange personal information and ideas are particularly important as they can affect students’ in-class participation and language production. Writing is a complex production process and pre-writing activities are defined to be an essential step to improve writing performance. In these activities, referential questions may act as effective means to encourage students’ in-class participation and written production. However, referential questions in pre-writing activities in English language teaching have not yet been investigated. This study aims to investigate the forms and functions of referential questions in pre-writing activities and teacher and student views about their effects on students’ in-class participation and written production. 63 English language learners and their writing instructor participated in the study. The data were collected by classroom observations and teacher and student interviews and analysed via conversation and thematic analysis. The findings showed that referential questions were used in a variety of forms and had productive, communicative, pedagogical and motivational functions. The teacher and students emphasized that referential questions had substantial impacts on in-class participation and written production. They were reported to attract students’ attention, enhance their motivation to speak, promote oral participation and lead to complex responses. Also referential questions were stated to provide guidance for the production of written outputs generated with the help of collaboratively constructed content in the classroom.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 26, 2021

Submission Date

June 15, 2020

Acceptance Date

August 4, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 10 Number: 2

APA
Kemaloğlu Er, E. (2021). The Effects of Referential Questions in Pre-writing Activities on Students’ In-class Participation and Written Production. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, 10(2), 698-714. https://doi.org/10.30703/cije.753039

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