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Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 25 - 40, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1250896

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine adolescents' perceptions of the concept of social media through metaphors. The study group of the research consisted of 182 high school students studying in the Aegean Region of Turkey in the 2023-2024 academic year. In the research, a questionnaire consisting of two parts prepared by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. The first part of this form included questions about demographic information (gender, age, school, class, etc.). In the second part, “Social media is like … because …” were asked to complete the statement. The data obtained from the research were evaluated by content analysis, one of the qualitative research methods. In the study, 93 metaphors related to the concept of social media were obtained from adolescents. It was determined that the most frequently used metaphors were “book”, “water”, “cigarette”, “teacher”, “chocolate” and “life” metaphors. The created metaphors are divided into conceptual categories and themes. As a result of the positive category, the themes of happiness, need and useful were reached. As a result of the negative category, addiction, time wasting and harmful themes were obtained. In addition, when we look at the content of the meanings that adolescents attribute to social media, it was concluded that 53.28% of them ascribed a positive meaning to the concept of social media, and 31.31% attributed a negative meaning to social media.

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References

  • Andreassen, C. S. (2015). Online social network site addiction: A comprehensive review. Current Addiction Reports, 2(2), 175-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-015-0056-9
  • Ateş, B., & Sağar, M. E. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinde bilişsel esneklik ve duygu düzenleme becerilerinin internet bağımlılığı üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü. Uşak Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 87-102. https://doi.org/10.29065/usakead.887799
  • Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Király, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M. D., ... & Demetrovics, Z. (2017). Problematic social media use: Results fromalarge-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PloSone, 12(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169839
  • Berryman C., Ferguson C. J., & Negy C. (2018). Social media use and mental health among young adults. Psychiatric Q., 89(2):307-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9535-6
  • Chou, C., & Hsiao, M. C. (2000). Internet addiction, usage, gratification and pleasure experience: The Taiwan college students’ Case. Computers & Education, 35, 65-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1315(00)00019-1
  • Comm, J. (2010). Twitter power 2.0: How to dominate your market one tweet at a time. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Garrett, A. L. (2008). The “movement” of mixedmethodsresearchandthe role of educators. South African Journal of Education,28(3), 321–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v28n3a176
  • Evans, D. (2008). Social media marketing an hour a day, Canada. Wiley publishing lawyer should know about Twitter, Facebook, YouTube & Wikis. Utah Bar Journal, 23(3), 1-16.
  • Edosomwan, S., Prakasan, S. K., Kouame, D., Watson, J., & Seymour, T. (2011). The history of social media and its impact on business. The Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 16(3), 79-91. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303216233_The_history_of_social_media_and_its_impact_on_business
  • Egüz, Ş., & Kesten, A. (2018). Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin sosyal medya algılarının metafor yoluyla belirlenmesi. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 7(3), 219-240. http://dx.doi.org/10.30703/cije.403147
  • Erdem, A. , Alkan, M. F., & Erdem, Ş. (2017). Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal medya kavramına ilişkin algıları. Karaelmas Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 169-179. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kebd/issue/67222/1049140
  • Fırat, M., & Yurdakul, K. I. (2012). Analysis of internet metaphors: Case for information technology students. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 36(2), 263-273. https://hdl.handle.net/11421/22359
  • Forceville, C. (2002). The identification of target and source in pictorial metaphors. Journal of pragmatics, 34(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(01)00007-8
  • Goel, D., Subramanyam, A., & Kamath, R. (2013). A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 55(2), 140-143. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.111451
  • Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., & Demetrovics, Z. (2014). Social networking addiction: An overview of preliminary findings. Behavioral addictions: Criteria, Evidence and Treatment, 119-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407724-9.00006-9
  • Infante, A., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2022). The potential of social media as a means of online business promotion. Journal of Social Science Studies (JOS3), 2(2), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.56348/jos3.v2i2.26
  • Ivie, E. J., Pettitt, A., Moses, L. J., & Allen, N. B. (2020). A meta-analysis of the association between adolescent social media use and depressive symptoms. Journal of affective disorders, 275, 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.014
  • Jensen, D. (2006). Metaphors as a bridge to understanding educational and social contexts. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(1), 36-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069060050010
  • Karabulut, R., Mertol, H., & Alkan, A. (2017). Üstün yetenekli/zekâlı öğrencilerin medyaya yönelik metafor algıları. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 187-196. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/aeusbed/issue/33268/356746
  • Kert, A., & Kert, S. B. (2010). The usage potential of social network sites for educational purposes. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(2), 486-507. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45258409
  • Khan, S. F., Ullah, F., Khan, M. K., Raza, A. J. S., & Shah, H. (2017). Effect of social media addiction on compliance in the patients of District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtun Khwa. International Journal of Basic Medical Sciences and Pharmacy (IJBMSP), 6(2), 21-25. http://www.ijbmsp.org/index.php/IJBMSP/article/view/98
  • Köseoğlu, P. (2018). An analysis of prospective teachers' perceptions concerning the concept of" social media" through metaphors. Eurasıa Journal of Mathematıcs Scıenceand Technology Educatıon, 14(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/79325
  • Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2011). Online social networking and addiction—a review of the psychological literature. International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(9), 3528-3552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093528
  • Kwon, O., & Wen, Y. (2010). An empirical study of the factors affecting social network service use. Computers in human behavior, 26(2), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.04.011
  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors weliveby. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2007). Metaforlar: Hayat, anlam ve dil (G. Y. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Paradigma.
  • Larose. R. (2011). Uses and gratifications of ınternet addiction. ın ınternet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment. Editör K. S. Young. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Le Roux, D. B., & Parry, D. A. (2020, April). The town square in your pocket: exploring four metaphors of social media. In Responsible Design, Implementation and Use of Information and Communication Technology: 19th IFIP WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society, I3E 2020, Skukuza, South Africa, April 6–8, 2020, Proceedings, Part II 19 (pp. 187-198). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1_16
  • Lin, M. F. G., Hoffman, E. S., & Borengasser, C. (2013). Is social media too social for class? A case study of Twitter use. TechTrends, 57, 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-013-0644-2
  • Michikyan, M., & Suárez-Orozco, C. (2016). Adolescent media and social media use: Implications for development. Journal of Adolescent Research, 31(4), 411-414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558416643801
  • Moawad, G. E., & Ebrahem, G. G. S. (2016). The Relationship between Use of Technology and Parent-Adolescents Social Relationship. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(14), 168-178. Corpus ID: 3053637 https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1103022
  • Modahl M. (2001). Now or Never: How companies must change today to win the battle for internet concumer. Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Morgan, G. (1998). Yönetim ve örgüt teorilerinde metafor (Çev. Gündüz Bulut). İstanbul: Mess Yayınları.
  • Onursoy, S. (2017, Mayıs). Sosyal medya tüketicilerinin derin metaforları: Sosyal medya üzerine bir ZMET çalışması. 1. Uluslararası İletişimde Yeni Yönelimler Konferansı, İstanbul.
  • Park, C. H., & Kim, Y. J. (2013). Intensity of social network use by involvement: A study of young Chinese users. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(6), 22-33. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n6p22
  • Reinhardt, J. (2020). Metaphors for social media‐enhanced foreign language teaching and learning. Foreign Language Annals. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12462
  • Sağar, M. E. (2021). Predictive role of cognitive flexibility and self-control on social media addiction in university students. International Education Studies, 14(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v14n4p1
  • Sağar, M. E., & Özçelik, T. (2022a). Ergenlerin internet kavramına ilişkin algılarının değerlendirilmesi: Bir metafor analizi çalışması. Academia Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 129-147. https://doi.org/10.53506/egitim.1145038
  • Sağar, M. E., & Özçelik, T. (2022b). Ergenlerde duygu düzenleme ve yaşam doyumunun sosyal medya bağımlılığı üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 493-511. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kusbd/issue/71575/1114816
  • Sağar, M. E. (2019). Yetişkin bireylerde sosyal medya bağımlılığının irdelenmesi. Sağlık Bilimlerinde Eğitim Dergisi, 1(2), 29-42. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jedihes/issue/52054/635201
  • Sağar, M. E. (2022). Yetişkinlerde sosyal medya bağımlılığının yordayıcısı olarak psikolojik esneklik ve problem çözme becerileri. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 35, 179-192. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.1080674
  • Schmitt, R. (2005). Systematic metaphor analysis as a method of qualitative research. The qualitative report, 10(2), 358-394. http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR10-2/schmitt.pdf
  • Szczygieł, K., & Podwalski, P. (2020). Comorbidity of social media addiction and other mental disorders–an overview. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 4, 7-11. https://doi.org/10.12740/APP/122487
  • Üztemur, S., & Erkan, D. (2020). Medya okuryazarlığı bağlamında ortaokul öğrencilerinin sosyal medya algıları: Bir metafor çalışması. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 6(1), 92-103. https://doi.org/10.34137/jilse.698764
  • Weinstein, E. (2018). The social media see-saw: Positive and negative influences on adolescents’ affective well-being. New Media & Society, 20(10), 3597-3623. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818755634
  • Wiederhold, B. K. (2020). Social media use during social distancing. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(5), 275-276. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.29181.bkw
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2006). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Zhao, S., Grasmuck, S., & Martin, J. (2008). Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships. Computers in human behavior, 24(5), 1816-1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.012
Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 25 - 40, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1250896

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • Andreassen, C. S. (2015). Online social network site addiction: A comprehensive review. Current Addiction Reports, 2(2), 175-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-015-0056-9
  • Ateş, B., & Sağar, M. E. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinde bilişsel esneklik ve duygu düzenleme becerilerinin internet bağımlılığı üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü. Uşak Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 87-102. https://doi.org/10.29065/usakead.887799
  • Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Király, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M. D., ... & Demetrovics, Z. (2017). Problematic social media use: Results fromalarge-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PloSone, 12(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169839
  • Berryman C., Ferguson C. J., & Negy C. (2018). Social media use and mental health among young adults. Psychiatric Q., 89(2):307-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9535-6
  • Chou, C., & Hsiao, M. C. (2000). Internet addiction, usage, gratification and pleasure experience: The Taiwan college students’ Case. Computers & Education, 35, 65-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1315(00)00019-1
  • Comm, J. (2010). Twitter power 2.0: How to dominate your market one tweet at a time. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Garrett, A. L. (2008). The “movement” of mixedmethodsresearchandthe role of educators. South African Journal of Education,28(3), 321–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v28n3a176
  • Evans, D. (2008). Social media marketing an hour a day, Canada. Wiley publishing lawyer should know about Twitter, Facebook, YouTube & Wikis. Utah Bar Journal, 23(3), 1-16.
  • Edosomwan, S., Prakasan, S. K., Kouame, D., Watson, J., & Seymour, T. (2011). The history of social media and its impact on business. The Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 16(3), 79-91. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303216233_The_history_of_social_media_and_its_impact_on_business
  • Egüz, Ş., & Kesten, A. (2018). Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin sosyal medya algılarının metafor yoluyla belirlenmesi. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 7(3), 219-240. http://dx.doi.org/10.30703/cije.403147
  • Erdem, A. , Alkan, M. F., & Erdem, Ş. (2017). Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal medya kavramına ilişkin algıları. Karaelmas Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 169-179. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kebd/issue/67222/1049140
  • Fırat, M., & Yurdakul, K. I. (2012). Analysis of internet metaphors: Case for information technology students. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 36(2), 263-273. https://hdl.handle.net/11421/22359
  • Forceville, C. (2002). The identification of target and source in pictorial metaphors. Journal of pragmatics, 34(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(01)00007-8
  • Goel, D., Subramanyam, A., & Kamath, R. (2013). A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 55(2), 140-143. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.111451
  • Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., & Demetrovics, Z. (2014). Social networking addiction: An overview of preliminary findings. Behavioral addictions: Criteria, Evidence and Treatment, 119-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407724-9.00006-9
  • Infante, A., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2022). The potential of social media as a means of online business promotion. Journal of Social Science Studies (JOS3), 2(2), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.56348/jos3.v2i2.26
  • Ivie, E. J., Pettitt, A., Moses, L. J., & Allen, N. B. (2020). A meta-analysis of the association between adolescent social media use and depressive symptoms. Journal of affective disorders, 275, 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.014
  • Jensen, D. (2006). Metaphors as a bridge to understanding educational and social contexts. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(1), 36-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069060050010
  • Karabulut, R., Mertol, H., & Alkan, A. (2017). Üstün yetenekli/zekâlı öğrencilerin medyaya yönelik metafor algıları. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 187-196. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/aeusbed/issue/33268/356746
  • Kert, A., & Kert, S. B. (2010). The usage potential of social network sites for educational purposes. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(2), 486-507. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45258409
  • Khan, S. F., Ullah, F., Khan, M. K., Raza, A. J. S., & Shah, H. (2017). Effect of social media addiction on compliance in the patients of District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtun Khwa. International Journal of Basic Medical Sciences and Pharmacy (IJBMSP), 6(2), 21-25. http://www.ijbmsp.org/index.php/IJBMSP/article/view/98
  • Köseoğlu, P. (2018). An analysis of prospective teachers' perceptions concerning the concept of" social media" through metaphors. Eurasıa Journal of Mathematıcs Scıenceand Technology Educatıon, 14(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/79325
  • Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2011). Online social networking and addiction—a review of the psychological literature. International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(9), 3528-3552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093528
  • Kwon, O., & Wen, Y. (2010). An empirical study of the factors affecting social network service use. Computers in human behavior, 26(2), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.04.011
  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors weliveby. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2007). Metaforlar: Hayat, anlam ve dil (G. Y. Demir, Çev.). Ankara: Paradigma.
  • Larose. R. (2011). Uses and gratifications of ınternet addiction. ın ınternet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment. Editör K. S. Young. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Le Roux, D. B., & Parry, D. A. (2020, April). The town square in your pocket: exploring four metaphors of social media. In Responsible Design, Implementation and Use of Information and Communication Technology: 19th IFIP WG 6.11 Conference on e-Business, e-Services, and e-Society, I3E 2020, Skukuza, South Africa, April 6–8, 2020, Proceedings, Part II 19 (pp. 187-198). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1_16
  • Lin, M. F. G., Hoffman, E. S., & Borengasser, C. (2013). Is social media too social for class? A case study of Twitter use. TechTrends, 57, 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-013-0644-2
  • Michikyan, M., & Suárez-Orozco, C. (2016). Adolescent media and social media use: Implications for development. Journal of Adolescent Research, 31(4), 411-414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558416643801
  • Moawad, G. E., & Ebrahem, G. G. S. (2016). The Relationship between Use of Technology and Parent-Adolescents Social Relationship. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(14), 168-178. Corpus ID: 3053637 https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1103022
  • Modahl M. (2001). Now or Never: How companies must change today to win the battle for internet concumer. Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Morgan, G. (1998). Yönetim ve örgüt teorilerinde metafor (Çev. Gündüz Bulut). İstanbul: Mess Yayınları.
  • Onursoy, S. (2017, Mayıs). Sosyal medya tüketicilerinin derin metaforları: Sosyal medya üzerine bir ZMET çalışması. 1. Uluslararası İletişimde Yeni Yönelimler Konferansı, İstanbul.
  • Park, C. H., & Kim, Y. J. (2013). Intensity of social network use by involvement: A study of young Chinese users. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(6), 22-33. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n6p22
  • Reinhardt, J. (2020). Metaphors for social media‐enhanced foreign language teaching and learning. Foreign Language Annals. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12462
  • Sağar, M. E. (2021). Predictive role of cognitive flexibility and self-control on social media addiction in university students. International Education Studies, 14(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v14n4p1
  • Sağar, M. E., & Özçelik, T. (2022a). Ergenlerin internet kavramına ilişkin algılarının değerlendirilmesi: Bir metafor analizi çalışması. Academia Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 129-147. https://doi.org/10.53506/egitim.1145038
  • Sağar, M. E., & Özçelik, T. (2022b). Ergenlerde duygu düzenleme ve yaşam doyumunun sosyal medya bağımlılığı üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2), 493-511. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kusbd/issue/71575/1114816
  • Sağar, M. E. (2019). Yetişkin bireylerde sosyal medya bağımlılığının irdelenmesi. Sağlık Bilimlerinde Eğitim Dergisi, 1(2), 29-42. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jedihes/issue/52054/635201
  • Sağar, M. E. (2022). Yetişkinlerde sosyal medya bağımlılığının yordayıcısı olarak psikolojik esneklik ve problem çözme becerileri. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 35, 179-192. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.1080674
  • Schmitt, R. (2005). Systematic metaphor analysis as a method of qualitative research. The qualitative report, 10(2), 358-394. http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR10-2/schmitt.pdf
  • Szczygieł, K., & Podwalski, P. (2020). Comorbidity of social media addiction and other mental disorders–an overview. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 4, 7-11. https://doi.org/10.12740/APP/122487
  • Üztemur, S., & Erkan, D. (2020). Medya okuryazarlığı bağlamında ortaokul öğrencilerinin sosyal medya algıları: Bir metafor çalışması. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 6(1), 92-103. https://doi.org/10.34137/jilse.698764
  • Weinstein, E. (2018). The social media see-saw: Positive and negative influences on adolescents’ affective well-being. New Media & Society, 20(10), 3597-3623. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818755634
  • Wiederhold, B. K. (2020). Social media use during social distancing. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(5), 275-276. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.29181.bkw
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2006). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Zhao, S., Grasmuck, S., & Martin, J. (2008). Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships. Computers in human behavior, 24(5), 1816-1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.012
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mehmet Enes Sağar 0000-0003-0941-5301

Tuğba Özçelik 0000-0002-8291-6826

Project Number -
Publication Date June 30, 2023
Submission Date February 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sağar, M. E., & Özçelik, T. (2023). Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media. Journal of Family Counseling and Education, 8(1), 25-40. https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1250896
AMA Sağar ME, Özçelik T. Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media. JFCE. June 2023;8(1):25-40. doi:10.32568/jfce.1250896
Chicago Sağar, Mehmet Enes, and Tuğba Özçelik. “Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media”. Journal of Family Counseling and Education 8, no. 1 (June 2023): 25-40. https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1250896.
EndNote Sağar ME, Özçelik T (June 1, 2023) Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media. Journal of Family Counseling and Education 8 1 25–40.
IEEE M. E. Sağar and T. Özçelik, “Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media”, JFCE, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 25–40, 2023, doi: 10.32568/jfce.1250896.
ISNAD Sağar, Mehmet Enes - Özçelik, Tuğba. “Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media”. Journal of Family Counseling and Education 8/1 (June 2023), 25-40. https://doi.org/10.32568/jfce.1250896.
JAMA Sağar ME, Özçelik T. Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media. JFCE. 2023;8:25–40.
MLA Sağar, Mehmet Enes and Tuğba Özçelik. “Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media”. Journal of Family Counseling and Education, vol. 8, no. 1, 2023, pp. 25-40, doi:10.32568/jfce.1250896.
Vancouver Sağar ME, Özçelik T. Metaphor Perceptions of Adolescents Towards the Concept of Social Media. JFCE. 2023;8(1):25-40.