Öz
Kaynakça
- Abdulkarim, L. and Roeper T. (1998). Semantics or Syntax for Negative Islands in Language Acquisition. In The Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development (Vol. 1, pp. 39-49).
- Aksu-Koc, A. & Slobin, D. I. (1985). The acquisition of Turkish. In D. I. Slobin, (ed.) The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition. Vol. 1. The data. Hillsadle, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Al-Buainain, H. (2003). Developmental Stages of the Acquisition of Negation and Interrogation by Children Native Speakers of Qatari Dialect, Journal of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. (25), 9-45.
- Bellugi, U. (1967). The acquisition of negation. Doctoral dissertation. Harvard University.
- Bloom, L. M. (1970). Language development: form and function in emerging grammars. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press.
- Capdevila i Batet, M., Llinàs i Grau, M. (1995). The Acquisition of Negation in English. Atlantis, 17(1-2), 27-44.
- de Villiers, P. A. & de Villiers, J. G. (1979). Form and function in the development of sentence negation. Papers and Reports of Child Language Development. (17), 57-64.
- Fernald, A. (1993). Approval and Disapproval: Infant Responsiveness to Vocal Affect in Familiar and Unfamiliar Languages. Child Development. (64), 657-674.
- Erguvanlı, E. (1979), An Odd Case in the Causative Construction of Turkish. In Papers from the Fifteenth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago.
- Göksel, A. & Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar, London: Routledge.
- Greenberg, J. H. (Ed.). (1966). Universals of language (2nd ed). Oxford, England: M.I.T. Press.
- Horn, L. R. (1989). A natural history of negation. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
- Klima, E. S. & Bellugi, U. (1966). Syntactic regularities in the speech of children. In J. Lyons& R. J. Wales (eds). Psycholinguistic papers. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Krashen, S. (1981). Second language Acquisition and Second language Learning. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
- Küntay, A., & Slobin, D. I. (2002). Putting interaction back into child language: Examples from Turkish. Psychology of Language and Communication. (6), 5-14.
- Lehmann, H. (1978). H. Interpretation of Natural Language in an Information System. IBM Journal of research and development. 22(5), 560-572.
- McNeill, D. and McNeill, N. B. (1995). What does a child mean when he says no. T Charles A. Ferguson and Dan 1. Slobin, (eds.). Atlantis, 17 (1-2), 27-44.
- MacWhinney, B. (1976). Hungarian Research on the acquisition of Morphology and Syntax, Journal of Child Language. (3), 397-410.
- Slobin, D. I. (1986). The Acquisition & Use of Relative Clauses in Turkic & Indo-European Languages. In Slobin, D. I. & Zimmer, K. (eds) Studies in Turkish Linguistics, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Underhill, R. (1976). Turkish grammar. Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T. Press.
- Vaidyanathan, R. (1991). Development of forms and functions of negation in the early stages of language acquisition: a study in Tamil. Journal of Child Language, (18), 51-66.
- Wode, H. (1976). Four early stages in the development of L1 negation. Journal of Child Language. (4), 87.
Öz
Please fill up the following information accurately. (Please | |
The development of forms of negation in the acquisition of Turkish | |
This study scrutinizes the development of negation in Turkish by analyzing of a monolingual Turkish-speaking child’s speech between 28 to 32 months. The developmental progress of negative forms in parent-child exchanges is explained and presented with examples featuring a girl and her parents. The data has been obtained from the CHILDES database and is divided into three sets based on the age of the child: 2;4, 2;6 and 2;8. First, the paper attempted to outline how negation is formed in Turkish and analyzed the data to find patterns of negation to trace the development of negation in the child’s speech. It aimed to prove how the child gradually expands her ability to use negative forms by using different communicative strategies over a five-month period. To facilitate this expansion, the child uses some strategies such as variety sets, multiple negative forms in collaboration, giving reasons and results in the speech. The child is identified to have acquired the forms of negation and strategies for a successful communication in a clear developmental sequence. The data reveals that the expansion goes from easy to linguistically and cognitively more challenging forms. The child acquires and uses free forms such as yok (not existent) initially, but later she can also produce more complex utterances such as orada hiçkimse yok (There isn’t anyone there). Therefore, this study presents evidence for the existence of developmental expansion of each form to make negation, but there is no evidence of clear-cut stages going successively and following each other in a systematic order. Thus, the analysis proves that negation develops by expanding on the previous knowledge and the forms are used interconnectedly, so they mostly overlap. | |
Information about Author(s)* | |
Author 1 | |
Author | Kavak, Vildan İnci |
Affiliated | Gaziantep University |
Country | Turkey |
Email | vildan_elt@hotmail.com |
Department | School of Foreign Languages |
Corresponding author (Yes/No) Write only one corresponding author. | Yes |
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Kaynakça
- Abdulkarim, L. and Roeper T. (1998). Semantics or Syntax for Negative Islands in Language Acquisition. In The Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development (Vol. 1, pp. 39-49).
- Aksu-Koc, A. & Slobin, D. I. (1985). The acquisition of Turkish. In D. I. Slobin, (ed.) The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition. Vol. 1. The data. Hillsadle, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Al-Buainain, H. (2003). Developmental Stages of the Acquisition of Negation and Interrogation by Children Native Speakers of Qatari Dialect, Journal of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. (25), 9-45.
- Bellugi, U. (1967). The acquisition of negation. Doctoral dissertation. Harvard University.
- Bloom, L. M. (1970). Language development: form and function in emerging grammars. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press.
- Capdevila i Batet, M., Llinàs i Grau, M. (1995). The Acquisition of Negation in English. Atlantis, 17(1-2), 27-44.
- de Villiers, P. A. & de Villiers, J. G. (1979). Form and function in the development of sentence negation. Papers and Reports of Child Language Development. (17), 57-64.
- Fernald, A. (1993). Approval and Disapproval: Infant Responsiveness to Vocal Affect in Familiar and Unfamiliar Languages. Child Development. (64), 657-674.
- Erguvanlı, E. (1979), An Odd Case in the Causative Construction of Turkish. In Papers from the Fifteenth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago.
- Göksel, A. & Kerslake, C. (2005). Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar, London: Routledge.
- Greenberg, J. H. (Ed.). (1966). Universals of language (2nd ed). Oxford, England: M.I.T. Press.
- Horn, L. R. (1989). A natural history of negation. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
- Klima, E. S. & Bellugi, U. (1966). Syntactic regularities in the speech of children. In J. Lyons& R. J. Wales (eds). Psycholinguistic papers. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Krashen, S. (1981). Second language Acquisition and Second language Learning. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
- Küntay, A., & Slobin, D. I. (2002). Putting interaction back into child language: Examples from Turkish. Psychology of Language and Communication. (6), 5-14.
- Lehmann, H. (1978). H. Interpretation of Natural Language in an Information System. IBM Journal of research and development. 22(5), 560-572.
- McNeill, D. and McNeill, N. B. (1995). What does a child mean when he says no. T Charles A. Ferguson and Dan 1. Slobin, (eds.). Atlantis, 17 (1-2), 27-44.
- MacWhinney, B. (1976). Hungarian Research on the acquisition of Morphology and Syntax, Journal of Child Language. (3), 397-410.
- Slobin, D. I. (1986). The Acquisition & Use of Relative Clauses in Turkic & Indo-European Languages. In Slobin, D. I. & Zimmer, K. (eds) Studies in Turkish Linguistics, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Underhill, R. (1976). Turkish grammar. Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T. Press.
- Vaidyanathan, R. (1991). Development of forms and functions of negation in the early stages of language acquisition: a study in Tamil. Journal of Child Language, (18), 51-66.
- Wode, H. (1976). Four early stages in the development of L1 negation. Journal of Child Language. (4), 87.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Aralık 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 4 |