Öz
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the infill type and density on hardness of the manufactured components with rapid prototyping technique. Computer Aided Design (CAD) models of specimens were prepared using Autodesk Inventor Software. Then the models were exported as STL file format for rapid prototyping. Disc shape specimens were produced with the diameter of 20 mm and thickness of 5 mm using Prusa İ3 desktop type 3D printer with 90-300 microns layer height manufacturing capacity. The printer settings were adjusted with Simplified3D software. The infill types were selected as rectilinear (linear), grid (diamond) and honeycomb (hexagonal). Layer heights were used as 200 microns for all of the samples. For each infill types; the specimens were produced with the infill density values of 15, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The heated bed temperature was selected as 60 0C to increase the bonding and surface quality. The extruder temperature was set to 195 0C. Then the hardness of the manufactured specimens were measured with EMCO-TEST DuraScan micro hardness machine that has ability to perform Vickers and Knoop methods range between 10 gf and 10 kgf. In order to find the effects of the infill type and density on hardness of 3D printed specimens, the obtained results from Vickers micro hardness measurements were compared. The hexagonal infill with the density of 100% showed the highest hardness and also the hardness patterns could be presented from high to low as Hexagonal > Linear > Diamond.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Garone, P., “Exploring the Use of Desktop 3D Printing for Microfluidics Prototyping”, Thesis in the Field of Biotechnology for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies, Harvard University, 2017.
- 2. Ngo, T.D., Kashani, A., Imbalzano, G., Nguyen, K.T.Q., Hui, D., “Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges”, Composites Part B, Volume 143, Pages 172–196, 2018.
- 3. Chua, C.K., Wong, C.H., Yeong, W.Y., “Standards, Quality Control, and Measurement Sciences in 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing”, Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 2017.
- 4. Miron, V., Ferrandiz, S., Juarez, D., Mengual, A., “Manufacturing and characterization of 3D printer filament using tailoring materials”, Manufacturing Engineering Society International Conference (MESIC), 28-30 June 2017, Procedia Manufacturing, Volume 13, Pages 888-894, Vigo, Spain. 2017.
- 5. Byrley, P., George, B.J., Boyes, W.K., Rogers K., “Particle emissions from fused deposition modeling 3D printers: Evaluation and meta-analysis”, Science of Total Environment, Volume 655, Pages 395-407, 2019.
- 6. Harpool, T.D., “Observing the Effects of Infill Shapes on the Tensile Characteristics of 3D Printed Plastic Parts”, Master of Science on the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State, Wichita. 2016.
- 7. Baich, L., “Impact of Infill Design on Mechanical Strength and Production Cost in Material Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing”, Master of Science in Engineering in the Industrial and Systems Engineering Program, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, 2016.
- 8. Sucuoglu, H.S., Bogrekci, I., Demircioglu, P., Turhanlar, O., “Development of Hybrid Pattern for Three Dimensional Printing Optimization”, Sigma J Eng & Nat Sci., Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages 667-675, 2018.
- 9. Sucuoglu, H.S., Bogrekci, I., Demircioglu, P., Gultekin, A., “The Effect of Three Dimensional Printed Infill Pattern on Structural Strength”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 785- 96, 2018.
- 10. Mandal, U.K., Aggarwal, S., “Studies on rubber–filler interaction in carboxylated nitrile rubber through microhardness measurement”, Polymer Testing, Volume 20, Pages 305-311, 2001.
- 11. Novitskaya, E., Khalifa, H.E., Graeve, O.A., “Microhardness and microstructure correlations in SiC/SiC composites”, Materials Letters, Volume 213, Pages 286-289, 2018.
- 12. 3B Yazıcılar.net, “Migbot Ultra Prusa i3 3D Yazıcılar”, [Migbot Ultra Prusa i3 3D Printers] [article in Turkish], http://3boyutluyazicilar.net/the-migbot-ultra-prusa-i3-3d-yazicilar/, March 2, 2019.
- 13. Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, “Hardness Test”, https://aybu.edu.tr/muhendislik/makina/contents/files/HARDNESS%20 TEST (1)/, March 2, 2019.
- 14. EmcoTest, “DuraScan G5”, https://www.emcotest.com/de/produkte-services/ haertepruefmaschinen/durascan-g5/,Feb 2,2019.
Öz
The aim of
this study is to investigate the effects of the infill type and density on
hardness of the manufactured components with rapid prototyping technique.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) models of specimens were prepared using Autodesk
Inventor Software. Then the models were exported as STL file format for rapid
prototyping. Disc shape specimens were produced with the diameter of 20 mm and
thickness of 5 mm using Prusa İ3 desktop type 3D printer with 90-300 microns
layer height manufacturing capacity. The printer settings were adjusted with
Simplified3D software. The infill types were selected as rectilinear (linear),
grid (diamond) and honeycomb (hexagonal). Layer heights were used as 200
microns for all of the samples. For each infill types; the specimens were
produced with the infill density values of 15, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The heated
bed temperature was selected as 60 0C to increase the bonding and
surface quality. The extruder temperature was set to 195 0C. Then
the hardness of the manufactured specimens were measured with EMCO-TEST DuraScan
micro hardness machine that has ability to perform Vickers and Knoop methods
range between 10 gf and 10 kgf. In order
to find the effects of the infill type and density on hardness of 3D printed
specimens, the obtained results from Vickers micro hardness measurements were
compared. The hexagonal infill with the density of 100% showed the highest hardness
and also the hardness patterns could be presented from high to low as Hexagonal
> Linear > Diamond.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Desktop Type 3D Printer Hardness of Rapid Prototyped Object Infill Type and Density Micro Hardness Measurement Vickers Micro Hardness
Kaynakça
- 1. Garone, P., “Exploring the Use of Desktop 3D Printing for Microfluidics Prototyping”, Thesis in the Field of Biotechnology for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies, Harvard University, 2017.
- 2. Ngo, T.D., Kashani, A., Imbalzano, G., Nguyen, K.T.Q., Hui, D., “Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges”, Composites Part B, Volume 143, Pages 172–196, 2018.
- 3. Chua, C.K., Wong, C.H., Yeong, W.Y., “Standards, Quality Control, and Measurement Sciences in 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing”, Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 2017.
- 4. Miron, V., Ferrandiz, S., Juarez, D., Mengual, A., “Manufacturing and characterization of 3D printer filament using tailoring materials”, Manufacturing Engineering Society International Conference (MESIC), 28-30 June 2017, Procedia Manufacturing, Volume 13, Pages 888-894, Vigo, Spain. 2017.
- 5. Byrley, P., George, B.J., Boyes, W.K., Rogers K., “Particle emissions from fused deposition modeling 3D printers: Evaluation and meta-analysis”, Science of Total Environment, Volume 655, Pages 395-407, 2019.
- 6. Harpool, T.D., “Observing the Effects of Infill Shapes on the Tensile Characteristics of 3D Printed Plastic Parts”, Master of Science on the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State, Wichita. 2016.
- 7. Baich, L., “Impact of Infill Design on Mechanical Strength and Production Cost in Material Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing”, Master of Science in Engineering in the Industrial and Systems Engineering Program, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, 2016.
- 8. Sucuoglu, H.S., Bogrekci, I., Demircioglu, P., Turhanlar, O., “Development of Hybrid Pattern for Three Dimensional Printing Optimization”, Sigma J Eng & Nat Sci., Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages 667-675, 2018.
- 9. Sucuoglu, H.S., Bogrekci, I., Demircioglu, P., Gultekin, A., “The Effect of Three Dimensional Printed Infill Pattern on Structural Strength”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 785- 96, 2018.
- 10. Mandal, U.K., Aggarwal, S., “Studies on rubber–filler interaction in carboxylated nitrile rubber through microhardness measurement”, Polymer Testing, Volume 20, Pages 305-311, 2001.
- 11. Novitskaya, E., Khalifa, H.E., Graeve, O.A., “Microhardness and microstructure correlations in SiC/SiC composites”, Materials Letters, Volume 213, Pages 286-289, 2018.
- 12. 3B Yazıcılar.net, “Migbot Ultra Prusa i3 3D Yazıcılar”, [Migbot Ultra Prusa i3 3D Printers] [article in Turkish], http://3boyutluyazicilar.net/the-migbot-ultra-prusa-i3-3d-yazicilar/, March 2, 2019.
- 13. Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, “Hardness Test”, https://aybu.edu.tr/muhendislik/makina/contents/files/HARDNESS%20 TEST (1)/, March 2, 2019.
- 14. EmcoTest, “DuraScan G5”, https://www.emcotest.com/de/produkte-services/ haertepruefmaschinen/durascan-g5/,Feb 2,2019.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Makine Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 30 Eylül 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3 |
Kaynak Göster
Uluslararası 3B Yazıcı Teknolojileri ve Dijital Endüstri Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.