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Experiences of University Students during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 32, 22 - 42, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.1323998

Öz

Aim: Using a qualitative method, this study aimed to understand the experiences of university students and determine their needs while they continued online education during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Method: By using phenomenological aapproach, one-to-one interviews were conducted with university students. A total of 15 people participated in the study using the purposive sampling strategy. Reflexive thematic analysis technique was used by using the inductive approach together with the critical realist ontological perspective to complete the analysis.
Main Results: As a result of the analysis, a total of five themes were developed, these are, 1) Consequences of restricted social life, 2) Challenges of online education and it’s effect on academic performance, 3) Psychological symptoms experienced during the pandemic, 4) Attitudes towards the future reshaped after the pandemic, and 5) Frequently used coping strategies to manage the difficulties. Each theme was supported by using participants’ quotations.
Recommendations for Research and Practice: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, students' daily lives, academic performance and psychological states were negatively influenced when they received online education. As a result, it is clear that students need psychosocial support. Academic institutions may adopt some strategies to reduce the social and psychological difficulties of students, after gradually transitioning form hybrid education to face-to-face education. In order to increase the well-being of students, institutions can provide opportunities where students will feel comfortable to be socially included. It is recommended that academic institutions may provide psychosocial support through organizing activities that can contribute positively to the students’ well-being.eing.

Kaynakça

  • Acheampong, J. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 on students’ academic performance: The case of the university of Ghana business school. Cogent Education, 10(1). http://doi.org.10.1080/2331186X.2023.2186011
  • Aktaş, B. ve Bostancı, N. (2021). Covid-19 pandemisinde üniversite öğrencilerindeki oyun bağımlılığı düzeyleri ve pandeminin dijital oyun oynama durumlarına etkisi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 22(2), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.827756
  • Al-Nuaimi, M. N. (2021). An integrated conceptual model for understanding the adoption of learning management systems in higher education during the COVID-19 outbreak. M. Al-Emran ve K. Shaalan (Eds.), Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories (ss. 29-40) içinde. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 335. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_3
  • Arslan, E. (2022). Nitel araştırmalarda geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (51), 395-407. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2428607
  • Asıcı, E. ve Günlü, A. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinin gözünden COVID-19 salgını: Nitel bir araştırma. Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(Özel Sayı), 1-25. http://doi.org/10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.770078
  • Bekaroğlu, E. ve Yılmaz, T. (2020). COVID-19 ve psikolojik etkileri: Klinik psikoloji perspektifinden bir derleme. Nesne Dergisi, 8(18), 573-584. http://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-08-18-14
  • Bettinger, E.P., Fox, L., Loeb, S. ve Taylor, E. S. (2017). Virtual classrooms: How online college courses affect student success. American Economic Review. 107(9), 2855– 75. http://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151193
  • Branquinho, C., Kelly, C., Arevalo, L., Santos, A. ve Gaspar de Matos, M. (2020). “Hey, we also have something to say”: A qualitative study of Portuguese adolescents’ and young people’s experiences under COVID-19. American Journal of Community Psychology, 48(8), 2740–2752. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22453
  • Braun, V. ve Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Braun, V. ve Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589-597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
  • Butler-Warke, A., Mueller-Hirth, N., Woods, R., ve Timmins, S. (2021). Student experiences of COVID and lockdown: Institutional report. Robert Gordon University. https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/1391543
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J. ve Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • Cheung, P.K., Wu, J. ve Chui, W.H. (2022). Mental health during the early stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Hong Kong study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158957
  • Das, B. M., Walker, C., Hodge, E., Christensen, T., Darkenwald, T. ve Godwin, W. (2021). Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on honors college students: A qualitative Content analysis. Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council, 22(1), 169-181. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1318566.pdf
  • Di Pietro, G., Biagi, F., Costa, P., Karpiski, Z. ve Mazza, J. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets. Publications Office of the European Union. http://doi.org/10.2760/126686/JRC121071
  • Doraiswamy, S., Cheema, S., Al Mulla, A. ve Mamtani, R. (2021). COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles–A narrative review. F1000Research, 10, 363. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.52535.1
  • Dubey, S., Biswas, P. ve Ghosh, R. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(5), 779-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035
  • Elhadary, T., Elhaty, I. A., Mohamed, A. A. ve Alawna, M. (2020). Evaluation of academic performance of science and social science students in Turkish Universities during COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(11), 1740– 1751. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342992100_Evaluation_of_Academic_Performance_of_Science_and_Social_Science_students_in_Turkish_Universities_during_COVID-19_Crisis
  • Elliott, R., Fischer, C. T. ve Rennie, D. L. (1999). Evolving guidelines for publication of qualitative research studies in psychology and related fields. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(3), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466599162782
  • Elmer, T., Mepham, K. ve Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Students under lockdown: comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PLoS One, 15(7), 335–362. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236337
  • Hatun, O., Dicle, A. N. ve Demirci, İ. (2020). Koronavirüs salgınının psikolojik yansımaları ve salgınla başa çıkma. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 531-554. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44364
  • Hosseinzadeh, P., Zareipour, M., Baljani, E. ve Moradali, M. R. (2022). Social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review. Investigacion y Educacion en Enfermeria, 40(1), e10. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v40n1e10
  • Ibarra, F. P., Mehrad, M., Di Mauro, M., Godoy, M. F. P., Cruz, E. G., Nilforoushzadeh, M. A., ve Russo, G. I. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual behavior of the population. The vision of the east and the west. International braz j urol: Official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology, 46(suppl.1), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S116
  • Jowsey, T., Foster, G., Cooper-Ioelu, P. ve Jacobs, S. (2020). Blended learning via distance in pre-registration nursing education: A scoping review. Nurse Education in Practice, 44 (1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102775
  • Karakasidou, E., Raftopoulou, G., Papadimitriou, A. ve Stalikas, A. (2023). Self-compassion and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study of Greek college students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 4890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064890
  • Kim, J. H., Shim, Y., Choi, I. ve Choi, E. (2022). The Role of Coping Strategies in Maintaining Well-Being during the COVID-19 Outbreak in South Korea. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13(1), 320–332. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550621990595
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Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Deneyimleri: Fenomenolojik Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 32, 22 - 42, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.1323998

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, nitel yöntem kullanarak Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’ndeki bir üniversitede öğrencilerin COVID-19 pandemi süresince uzaktan eğitime devam ettikleri süredeki deneyimlerini anlamayı ve bu süreçteki gereksinimlerini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma katılımcılarla birebir görüşme tekniği kullanılarak fenomenolojik desenden yararlanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Amaçlı örneklem stratejisi kullanılarak çalışmaya toplamda 15 kişi katılmıştır. Elde edilen verikümesinin analizi için, kritik realist ontolojik bakış açısı ile birlikte tümevarımsal yaklaşım kullanılarak refleksif tematik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır.
Temel Sonuçlar: Analiz sonucu toplamda beş tema geliştirilmiştir. Bunlar sırasıyla: 1) Kısıtlanmış sosyal hayatın sonuçları, 2) Çevrim içi eğitimin beraberinde getirdiği zorlukların akademik performansa etkisi, 3) Pandemi süresince deneyimlenen psikolojik belirtiler, 4) Pandemi sonrası yeniden şekillenen gelecek ile ilgili tutumlar ve 5) Zorluklara karşı sıklıkla kullanılan baş etme stratejileri’dir. Her tema, katılımcıların paylaştığı örnek ifadeler kullanılarak desteklenmiştir.
Araştırma ve Uygulama için Öneriler: Öğrencilerin COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle çevrim içi eğitim aldıkları dönemde gündelik yaşamlarını ve psikolojilerini olumsuz etkileyen faktörler ve bunların akademik performanslarına etkisi birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, psikososyal anlamda bu öğrencilerin desteklenmesi gerektiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle çevrim içi ve yüzyüze eğitimin birarada verildiği karma eğitim sisteminden kademeli olarak yüzyüze eğitim sistemine geçilmesiyle akademik kurumlara öğrencilerin sosyal ve psikolojik sorunlarını azaltmaya yönelik birtakım öneriler sunulabilir. Öğrencilerin iyilik hallerini artırmaya yönelik olarak kurumlar öğrencilere kendilerini daha rahat hissedecekleri sosyal ortamlar sağlayabilir, ihtiyaç duyduklarında erişebilecekleri psikososyal destek sunabilir ve gelişimlerini destekleyici etkinlik ve faaliyetler planlayabilir.

Kaynakça

  • Acheampong, J. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 on students’ academic performance: The case of the university of Ghana business school. Cogent Education, 10(1). http://doi.org.10.1080/2331186X.2023.2186011
  • Aktaş, B. ve Bostancı, N. (2021). Covid-19 pandemisinde üniversite öğrencilerindeki oyun bağımlılığı düzeyleri ve pandeminin dijital oyun oynama durumlarına etkisi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 22(2), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.827756
  • Al-Nuaimi, M. N. (2021). An integrated conceptual model for understanding the adoption of learning management systems in higher education during the COVID-19 outbreak. M. Al-Emran ve K. Shaalan (Eds.), Recent Advances in Technology Acceptance Models and Theories (ss. 29-40) içinde. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 335. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64987-6_3
  • Arslan, E. (2022). Nitel araştırmalarda geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (51), 395-407. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2428607
  • Asıcı, E. ve Günlü, A. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinin gözünden COVID-19 salgını: Nitel bir araştırma. Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(Özel Sayı), 1-25. http://doi.org/10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.770078
  • Bekaroğlu, E. ve Yılmaz, T. (2020). COVID-19 ve psikolojik etkileri: Klinik psikoloji perspektifinden bir derleme. Nesne Dergisi, 8(18), 573-584. http://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-08-18-14
  • Bettinger, E.P., Fox, L., Loeb, S. ve Taylor, E. S. (2017). Virtual classrooms: How online college courses affect student success. American Economic Review. 107(9), 2855– 75. http://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151193
  • Branquinho, C., Kelly, C., Arevalo, L., Santos, A. ve Gaspar de Matos, M. (2020). “Hey, we also have something to say”: A qualitative study of Portuguese adolescents’ and young people’s experiences under COVID-19. American Journal of Community Psychology, 48(8), 2740–2752. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22453
  • Braun, V. ve Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Braun, V. ve Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589-597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
  • Butler-Warke, A., Mueller-Hirth, N., Woods, R., ve Timmins, S. (2021). Student experiences of COVID and lockdown: Institutional report. Robert Gordon University. https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/1391543
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J. ve Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • Cheung, P.K., Wu, J. ve Chui, W.H. (2022). Mental health during the early stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Hong Kong study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158957
  • Das, B. M., Walker, C., Hodge, E., Christensen, T., Darkenwald, T. ve Godwin, W. (2021). Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on honors college students: A qualitative Content analysis. Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council, 22(1), 169-181. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1318566.pdf
  • Di Pietro, G., Biagi, F., Costa, P., Karpiski, Z. ve Mazza, J. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets. Publications Office of the European Union. http://doi.org/10.2760/126686/JRC121071
  • Doraiswamy, S., Cheema, S., Al Mulla, A. ve Mamtani, R. (2021). COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles–A narrative review. F1000Research, 10, 363. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.52535.1
  • Dubey, S., Biswas, P. ve Ghosh, R. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(5), 779-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035
  • Elhadary, T., Elhaty, I. A., Mohamed, A. A. ve Alawna, M. (2020). Evaluation of academic performance of science and social science students in Turkish Universities during COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(11), 1740– 1751. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342992100_Evaluation_of_Academic_Performance_of_Science_and_Social_Science_students_in_Turkish_Universities_during_COVID-19_Crisis
  • Elliott, R., Fischer, C. T. ve Rennie, D. L. (1999). Evolving guidelines for publication of qualitative research studies in psychology and related fields. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(3), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466599162782
  • Elmer, T., Mepham, K. ve Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Students under lockdown: comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PLoS One, 15(7), 335–362. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236337
  • Hatun, O., Dicle, A. N. ve Demirci, İ. (2020). Koronavirüs salgınının psikolojik yansımaları ve salgınla başa çıkma. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 531-554. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44364
  • Hosseinzadeh, P., Zareipour, M., Baljani, E. ve Moradali, M. R. (2022). Social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review. Investigacion y Educacion en Enfermeria, 40(1), e10. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v40n1e10
  • Ibarra, F. P., Mehrad, M., Di Mauro, M., Godoy, M. F. P., Cruz, E. G., Nilforoushzadeh, M. A., ve Russo, G. I. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual behavior of the population. The vision of the east and the west. International braz j urol: Official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology, 46(suppl.1), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S116
  • Jowsey, T., Foster, G., Cooper-Ioelu, P. ve Jacobs, S. (2020). Blended learning via distance in pre-registration nursing education: A scoping review. Nurse Education in Practice, 44 (1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102775
  • Karakasidou, E., Raftopoulou, G., Papadimitriou, A. ve Stalikas, A. (2023). Self-compassion and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study of Greek college students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 4890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064890
  • Kim, J. H., Shim, Y., Choi, I. ve Choi, E. (2022). The Role of Coping Strategies in Maintaining Well-Being during the COVID-19 Outbreak in South Korea. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13(1), 320–332. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550621990595
  • Kofman, Y. B. ve Garfin, D. R. (2020). Home is not always a haven: The domestic violence crisis amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(S1), S199. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000866
  • Lee, J. (2020). Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-19. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(6), 421. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30109-7
  • Lincoln, Y. ve Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry: Establishing Trustworthiness. SAGE Publications.
  • Mahyoob, M. (2020). Challenges of e-Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced by EFL learners. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 11(4). https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol11no4.23
  • Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D. ve Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: Guided by information power. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1753–1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444
  • Mazza, M., Marano, G., Lai, C., Janiri, L. ve Sani, G. (2020). Danger in danger: Interpersonal violence during COVID-19 quarantine. Psychiatry Research, 289, 113046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113046
  • Mohler, G., Bertozzi, A. L., Carter, J., Short, M. B., Sledge, D., Tita, G. E., Uchida, C. D. ve Brantingham, P.J. (2020). Impact of social distancing during COVID-19 pandemic on crime in Los Angeles and Indianapolis. Journal of Criminal Justice, 68. 101692, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101692
  • Odone, A., Lugo, A., Amerio, A., Borroni, E., Bosetti, C., Carreras, G., d’Oror, L. C., Colombo, P., Fanucchi, T., Ghislandi, S., Gorini, G., Iacoviello, L., Pacifici, R., Santucci, C., Serafini, G., Signorelli C., Stival, C., Stuckler, D., Tersalvi, C.A. ve Gallus, S. (2020). COVID-19 lockdown impact on lifestyle habits of Italian adults. Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 91(9), 87-89. http://doi.org.10.23750/abm.v91i9-S.10122
  • Paital, B., Das, K. ve Parida, S. K. (2020). Inter nation social lockdown versus medical care against COVID-19, a mild environmental insight with special reference to India. Science of the Total Environment, 728 (2), 138914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138914
  • Peterman, A., Potts, A., O’Donnell, M., Thompson, K., Shah, N., Oertelt-Prigione, S. ve Van Gelder, N. (2020). Pandemics and violence against women and children (Vol. 528, pp. 1-45). Center for Global Development. https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/pandemics-and-vawg-april2.pdf
  • Prilutskaya, M. V. ve Grjibovski, A. M. (2020). Perception of the state of emergency due to COVID-19 by medical students and staff in a Kazakhstani University. Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology), 27(6), 4-12. https://doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2020-6-4-12
  • Sahu P. (2020). Closure of Universities Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact on Education and Mental Health of Students and Academic Staff. Cureus, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7541
  • Salman, M., Asif, N., Mustafa, Z. U., Khan, T. M., Shehzadi, N., Hussain, K., Tahir, H., Raza, M. H. ve Khan, M. T. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 on Pakistani University students and how they are coping. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 16(3), 920-926. http://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.397
  • Sami, S., Toprak, Y. ve Gökmen, A. (2020). COVID-19 Sürecinde gençlerde hayatın anlamına yönelik değişim ve dönüşümler. İlahiyat Akademi Dergisi, 12, 217-255. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1215241
  • Serakıncı, N., Savaşan, A. ve Rasmussen, F. (2020). Updated North Cyprus response status for COVID-19 in comparison with similar country sizes. Highlights on the importance of population per square meter. Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine, 15(1), 699. https://doi.org/10.4081/mrm.2020.699
  • Singh, J. ve Singh, J. (2020). COVID-19 and its impact on society. Electronic Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2 (I). https://ssrn.com/abstract=3567837
  • Tönbül, Ö. (2020). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Salgını sonrası 20-60 yaş arası bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Humanistic Perspective, 2 (2), 159-174. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hp/issue/54982/730460
  • Turgut, A. Ş. (2022). Yeniden aile ile yaşamak: Covid-19 Pandemi sürecinde eve dönen üniversite öğrencilerinin deneyimleri. Uluslararası Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 29-43. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jswrpub/issue/66315/1056232
  • UNESCO (2020). Education: From disruption to recovery. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse
  • Venkatesh, A. ve Edirappuli, S. (2020). Social distancing in Covid-19: What are the mental health implications? British Medical Journal, 369. http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1379
  • Xu, D. ve Xu, Y. (2019). The promises and limits of online higher education: Understanding how distance education affects access, cost, and quality. American Enterprise Institute. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED596296.pdf
  • Yardley, L. (2000). Dilemmas in qualitative health research. Psychology & Health, 15(2), 215-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440008400302
  • Yılmaz, E. A. (2022). Üniversite öğrencilerinin pandemi döneminde sosyal medya kullanımları ve algıladıkları sosyal destek arasındaki ilişki: Konya ili örneği. Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(26), 171-189. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/asbider/issue/70115/1044781
  • Zapata-Garibay, R., González-Fagoaga, J. E., Asadi-González, A. A., Martínez-Alvarado, J. R., Chavez-Baray, S. M., Plascencia-López, I. ve González-Fagoaga, C. J. (2021). Mental health stressors in higher education ınstructors and students in Mexico during the emergency remote teaching ımplementation due to COVID-19. Frontiers in Education, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.670400
  • Zattoni, F., Gül, M., Soligo, M., Morlacco, A., Motterle, G., Collavino, J., Barneschi, A. C., Moschini, M. ve Moro, F. D. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pornography habits: A global analysis of Google Trends. International Journal of Impotence Research, 33(8), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-020-00380-w
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikolojik danışmanlık
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Erinç Erbildim 0009-0005-9958-1849

Buse Keskindağ 0000-0002-0827-0561

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 9 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 32

Kaynak Göster

APA Erbildim, E., & Keskindağ, B. (2024). Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Deneyimleri: Fenomenolojik Bir Çalışma. Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(32), 22-42. https://doi.org/10.52528/genclikarastirmalari.1323998

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