Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Internal Architecture on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed PLA Components
Öz
3D printing technology is a method of fused deposition modeling (FDM) used in the aerospace industry, in light and complex structural modeling, manufacturing and prototyping of many medical tools. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as a raw material in 3D printers due to its non-toxicity, biodegradability and easy manufacturability for industrial designs and medical applications. In this study, PLA samples were produced on a 3D printer at 70% constant filling ratio in four different filling types: line, triangle, hexagon and 3D infill. Tensile tests were performed on the samples in order to examine the effect of the filling type on the mechanical behavior. After the tests, mechanical properties of the samples such as modulus of elasticity, yield stress, maximum tensile stress and Poisson's ratio were determined. The results revealed that the filling type had significant influence on the mechanical properties of the FDM fabricated samples. It was shown that the triangle type of filling pattern in printing process yielded the highest strength to weight ratio of the fabricated sample and provided savings in raw material consumption.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polylactic acid (PLA) 3D printer Filling types Mechanical behavior Tensile test
Destekleyen Kurum
Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University Department of Scientific Research Projects
Proje Numarası
20103002
Teşekkür
This article was supported by Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University Department of Scientific Research Projects with project number 20103002.
Kaynakça
- Tanveer, M. Q., Haleem, A., & Suhaib, M. (2019). Effect of variable infill density on mechanical behaviour of 3-D printed PLA specimen: an experimental investigation. SN Applied Sciences, 1(12), 1-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1744-1
- DeStefano, V., Khan, S., & Tabada, A. (2020). Applications of PLA in modern medicine. Engineered Regeneration, 1, 76-87. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engreg.2020.08.002
- Farah, S., Anderson, D. G., & Langer, R. (2016). Physical and mechanical properties of PLA, and their functions in widespread applications—A comprehensive review. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 107, 367-392. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.012.
- Lopes, M. S., Jardini, A. L., & Maciel Filho, R. J. P. E. (2012). Poly (lactic acid) production for tissue engineering applications. Procedia Engineering, 42, 1402-1413. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.534
- Kwapisz, M., Bajor, T., Krakowiak, M., (2019). Analysis of strength changes of PLA samples made in 3D printing technology, 28th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, Brno, CzechRepublic. doi: https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2019.963
- Chacón, J. M., Caminero, M. A., García-Plaza, E., & Núnez, P. J. (2017). Additive manufacturing of PLA structures using fused deposition modelling: Effect of process parameters on mechanical properties and their optimal selection. Materials & Design, 124,143-157 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.03.065.
- Yao, T., Ye, J., Deng, Z., Zhang, K., Ma, Y., & Ouyang, H. (2020). Tensile failure strength and separation angle of FDM 3D printing PLA material: Experimental and theoretical analyses. Composites Part B: Engineering, 188, 107894. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.107894.
- Murugan, R., Mitilesh, R. N., & Singamneni, S. (2019). Influence of process parameters on the mechanical behaviour and processing time of 3D printing. Int J Mod Manuf Technol, 1(1), 21-27.
- Rajpurohit, S. R., & Dave, H. K. (2018). Effect of process parameters on tensile strength of FDM printed PLA part. Rapid Prototyping Journal. doi: 10.1108/RPJ-06-2017-0134.
- Camargo, J. C., Machado, Á. R., Almeida, E. C., & Silva, E. F. M. S. (2019). Mechanical properties of PLA-graphene filament for FDM 3D printing. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 103(5), 2423-2443. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-03532-5
- Khan, S. F., Zakaria, H., Chong, Y. L., Saad, M. A. M., & Basaruddin, K. (2018, September). Effect of infill on tensile and flexural strength of 3D printed PLA parts. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 429, No. 1, p. 012101). IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/429/1/012101
- Rodríguez-Panes, A., Claver, J., & Camacho, A. M. (2018). The influence of manufacturing parameters on the mechanical behaviour of PLA and ABS pieces manufactured by FDM: A comparative analysis. Materials, 11(8), 1333. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11081333
- Travieso-Rodriguez, J. A., Jerez-Mesa, R., Llumà, J., Traver-Ramos, O., Gomez-Gras, G., & Roa Rovira, J. J. (2019). Mechanical properties of 3D-printing polylactic acid parts subjected to bending stress and fatigue testing. Materials, 12(23), 3859. doi:10.3390/ma12233859
- D638 − 14. Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, United States.
- Leite, M., Fernandes, J., Deus, A. M., Reis, L., & Vaz, M. F. (2018, May). Study of the influence of 3D printing parameters on the mechanical properties of PLA. In 3rd international conference on progress in additive manufacturing (Pro-AM 2018). doi:10.25341/D4988C
- Suteja, T. J., & Soesanti, A. (2020, July). Mechanical properties of 3D printed Polylactic acid product for various infill design parameters: A review. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1569, No. 4, p. 042010). IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1569/4/042010
3 Boyutlu Basılı PLA Numunelerinin İç Mimarisinin Mekanik Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Deneysel İncelenmesi
Öz
3D baskı teknolojisi, havacılık endüstrisinde, birçok tıbbi aletin hafif ve karmaşık yapısal modellenmesinde, üretiminde ve prototiplenmesinde kullanılan bir eriyik birikim modelleme (FDM) yöntemidir. Polilaktik asit (PLA), toksik olmaması, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği, endüstriyel tasarımlar ve tıbbi uygulamalar için kolay üretilebilirliği nedeniyle 3D yazıcılarda hammadde olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada PLA numuneleri, 3 boyutlu yazıcıda %70 sabit doluluk oranında dört farklı dolgu tipinde üretildi: line, triangle, hexagon ve 3D infill. Dolgu tipinin mekanik davranışa etkisini incelemek için numuneler üzerinde çekme testleri yapılmıştır. Testlerin ardından numunelerin elastisite modülü, akma gerilmesi, maksimum çekme gerilmesi ve Poisson oranı gibi mekanik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, doldurma tipinin FDM yöntemi ile üretilen numunelerin mekanik özellikleri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Baskı sürecinde, üçgen tip dolgu deseninde imal edilen numunenin en yüksek mukavemet/ağırlık oranını verdiği ve hammadde tüketiminde tasarruf sağladığı görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polilaktik asit (PLA) 3D yazıcı Dolgu türleri Mekanik Davranış Çekme testi
Proje Numarası
20103002
Kaynakça
- Tanveer, M. Q., Haleem, A., & Suhaib, M. (2019). Effect of variable infill density on mechanical behaviour of 3-D printed PLA specimen: an experimental investigation. SN Applied Sciences, 1(12), 1-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1744-1
- DeStefano, V., Khan, S., & Tabada, A. (2020). Applications of PLA in modern medicine. Engineered Regeneration, 1, 76-87. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engreg.2020.08.002
- Farah, S., Anderson, D. G., & Langer, R. (2016). Physical and mechanical properties of PLA, and their functions in widespread applications—A comprehensive review. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 107, 367-392. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.012.
- Lopes, M. S., Jardini, A. L., & Maciel Filho, R. J. P. E. (2012). Poly (lactic acid) production for tissue engineering applications. Procedia Engineering, 42, 1402-1413. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.534
- Kwapisz, M., Bajor, T., Krakowiak, M., (2019). Analysis of strength changes of PLA samples made in 3D printing technology, 28th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, Brno, CzechRepublic. doi: https://doi.org/10.37904/metal.2019.963
- Chacón, J. M., Caminero, M. A., García-Plaza, E., & Núnez, P. J. (2017). Additive manufacturing of PLA structures using fused deposition modelling: Effect of process parameters on mechanical properties and their optimal selection. Materials & Design, 124,143-157 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.03.065.
- Yao, T., Ye, J., Deng, Z., Zhang, K., Ma, Y., & Ouyang, H. (2020). Tensile failure strength and separation angle of FDM 3D printing PLA material: Experimental and theoretical analyses. Composites Part B: Engineering, 188, 107894. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.107894.
- Murugan, R., Mitilesh, R. N., & Singamneni, S. (2019). Influence of process parameters on the mechanical behaviour and processing time of 3D printing. Int J Mod Manuf Technol, 1(1), 21-27.
- Rajpurohit, S. R., & Dave, H. K. (2018). Effect of process parameters on tensile strength of FDM printed PLA part. Rapid Prototyping Journal. doi: 10.1108/RPJ-06-2017-0134.
- Camargo, J. C., Machado, Á. R., Almeida, E. C., & Silva, E. F. M. S. (2019). Mechanical properties of PLA-graphene filament for FDM 3D printing. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 103(5), 2423-2443. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-03532-5
- Khan, S. F., Zakaria, H., Chong, Y. L., Saad, M. A. M., & Basaruddin, K. (2018, September). Effect of infill on tensile and flexural strength of 3D printed PLA parts. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 429, No. 1, p. 012101). IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/429/1/012101
- Rodríguez-Panes, A., Claver, J., & Camacho, A. M. (2018). The influence of manufacturing parameters on the mechanical behaviour of PLA and ABS pieces manufactured by FDM: A comparative analysis. Materials, 11(8), 1333. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11081333
- Travieso-Rodriguez, J. A., Jerez-Mesa, R., Llumà, J., Traver-Ramos, O., Gomez-Gras, G., & Roa Rovira, J. J. (2019). Mechanical properties of 3D-printing polylactic acid parts subjected to bending stress and fatigue testing. Materials, 12(23), 3859. doi:10.3390/ma12233859
- D638 − 14. Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, United States.
- Leite, M., Fernandes, J., Deus, A. M., Reis, L., & Vaz, M. F. (2018, May). Study of the influence of 3D printing parameters on the mechanical properties of PLA. In 3rd international conference on progress in additive manufacturing (Pro-AM 2018). doi:10.25341/D4988C
- Suteja, T. J., & Soesanti, A. (2020, July). Mechanical properties of 3D printed Polylactic acid product for various infill design parameters: A review. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1569, No. 4, p. 042010). IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1569/4/042010
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mühendislik |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 20103002 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Nisan 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Sayı: 24 |
