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DERVISH LODGES AND CONVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF SOCIAL SERVICES

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 19 - 34, 08.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.52115/apjir.1008397

Öz

Social services can trace its origin back to the idea of human goodwill and charity. Therefore, confining our study of this phenomenon to the modern era, and consequently ignoring its roots, would be a great error. However, for centuries, charitable organizations of various sizes have been officially established. As a result of the incredible diversity of such organizations in Islamic societies, conducting research in this field is made an easier task. There are many examples of this institutional variety. For instance, the most notable examples would include the akhilik (fraternity) organisation, caravansary, almshouse, guilds, hospitals, charitable institutions, workhouses, Ottoman orphanages and hospices.
Historically dervish lodges were mistakenly considered to be solely involved in mystic and esoteric activities. However, this Islamic religious order was fundamentally devoted to holy living through worldly deeds. This originates from the Sufi interpretation of religion, which revolved around serving; the creator, the lordly one true God, and his creations. As a result, the Sufis established Islamic monasteries (ribats), dervish lodge centres (hankah), small dervish lodges (zaviye), inns and bathhouses on deserted roads and mountain bases in order to provide free accommodation, to serve food and drink for cross border travellers and passers-by and generally to meet the needs of people. During the classical Ottoman period, they served as secondary cultural institutions, left vacant by the government in city centres. They served as a meeting point between the political authorities and the people. Dervish lodges were sometimes a shelter for those seeking refuge from a state. We can also presume that they received occupational therapy in the modern sense. This included training under the watchful eyes of the dhikr and contemplation, for the purpose of serving humanity. As a result of their commitment to profession, diligence and the use of logo therapy, they succeded in producing one of the most organised and effective historical instances of social work. This study seeks to elucidate the historical role of dervish lodges in the provision of protective social assistances, social aid and support from a social services stand point.

Kaynakça

  • Atalay, Ahmet - Abdullah Kürşat. “Türk Spor Kültürünün En Eşsiz Örneği: Okçular Tekkesi”. Karadeniz = Black Sea. 2013, cilt: V, sayı: 18, s. 71-81.
  • Attar, Feridüddin. Tezkiretü’l-Evliyâ. (Trc. Süleyman Uludağ) Kabalcı Yay. İstanbul 2007
  • Bektaş Cengiz. “Özbekler Tekkesi”. Târih ve Toplum. Sayı: 14 (Ağustos 1984), s. 40-45.
  • Bektâş Cengiz. “Özbekler Tekkesi”. Târih ve Toplum. Sayı: 15 (Eylül 1984), s. 38-43.
  • Hüseyin Vassaf. Sefîne-i Evliyâ (yazma eser). c.3, s.213-4.
  • Derman M.Uğur. Türk Sanatında Ebrû. İstanbul 1977. s.32-40.
  • Derman M. Uğur. “Edhem Efendi, Hezârfen”. TDV. İslâm Ansiklopedisi. c.10, s.416-7.
  • Derman M. Uğur. “Buhârâ’nın Vabkent’inden Üsküdar’ın Sultantepesi’ne”. Üsküdar Sempozyumu VI. 6-9 Kasım 2008. cild/2, s.95-100.
  • Tanman Baha. ‘Özbekler Tekkesi’. Diyanet İslam Ansiklopedisi, c.34/123-124;a. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, 2013 Kara, Mustafa. Din, hayat, sanat açısından Tekkeler ve Zaviyeler. İstanbul : Dergah Yayınları, 1980.
  • Sarı, Nil-Ü. Emre Kurt. “Üsküdar Miskinler Tekkesi”. Üsküdar Sempozyumu IV: 3-5 Kasım 2006 Bildiriler, 2007, cilt: II, s. 365-390.
  • Seyyar Ali. Tasavvufi sosyal hizmet: Sufilerin manevi terapi yöntemleri. İstanbul: Rağbet Yayınları, 2015.
  • Muhammed. Ebubekr, Şir’atü’l-İslâm, (Cev. L Uyan-F. Meyan) İst. 1980.
  • Yücer, Hür Mahmut. Osmanlı toplumunda tasavvuf: (19. Yüzyıl). İstanbul: İnsan Yayınları, 2003.
  • Yücer, Hür Mahmut. “Üsküdar Özbekler Tekkesi”. Antik Çağ’dan XXI. Yüzyıla Büyük İstanbul Tarihi: Din. V. 2015 cilt, 277, 279.
  • Yücer, Hür Mahmut. “İstanbul’da Mesnevîhanlık Geleneği ve Mesnevîhaneler”. Antik Çağ’dan XXI. Yüzyıla Büyük İstanbul Tarihi: Din. V. cilt, 257, 259, 261.

DERVISH LODGES AND CONVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF SOCIAL SERVICES

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 19 - 34, 08.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.52115/apjir.1008397

Öz

Social services can trace its origin back to the idea of human goodwill and charity. Therefore, confining our study of
this phenomenon to the modern era, and consequently ignoring its roots, would be a great error. However, for
centuries, charitable organizations of various sizes have been officially established. As a result of the incredible
diversity of such organizations in Islamic societies, conducting research in this field is also an easier task. There are
many examples of this institutional variety. For instance, the most notable examples would include the akhilik
(fraternity) organisation, caravansary, almshouse, guilds, hospitals, charitable institutions, workhouses, Ottoman
orphanages.
Historically dervish lodges were mistakenly considered to be solely involved in mystic and esoteric activities.
However, this Islamic religious order was fundamentally devoted to holy living through worldly deeds. This
originates from the Sufi interpretation of religion, which revolved around serving; the creator, the lordly one true
God, and his creations. As a result, the Sufis established Islamic monasteries (ribats), dervish lodge centres (hankah),
small dervish lodges (zaviye), inns and bathhouses on deserted roads and mountain bases in order to provide free
accommodation, to serve food and drink for cross border travellers and passers-by and generally to meet the needs
of people. During the classical Ottoman period, they served as secondary cultural institutions, left vacant by the
government in city centres. They served as a meeting point between the political authorities and the people.
Dervish lodges were sometimes a shelter for those seeking refuge from a state. We can also presume that they
received occupational therapy in the modern sense. This included training under the watchful eyes of the dhikr and
contemplation, for the purpose of serving humanity. As a result of their commitment to profession, diligence and
the use of logo therapy, they succeded in producing one of the most organised and effective historical instances of
social work. This study seeks to elucidate the historical role of dervish lodges in the provision of protective social
assistances, social aid and support from a social services stand point.

Kaynakça

  • Atalay, Ahmet - Abdullah Kürşat. “Türk Spor Kültürünün En Eşsiz Örneği: Okçular Tekkesi”. Karadeniz = Black Sea. 2013, cilt: V, sayı: 18, s. 71-81.
  • Attar, Feridüddin. Tezkiretü’l-Evliyâ. (Trc. Süleyman Uludağ) Kabalcı Yay. İstanbul 2007
  • Bektaş Cengiz. “Özbekler Tekkesi”. Târih ve Toplum. Sayı: 14 (Ağustos 1984), s. 40-45.
  • Bektâş Cengiz. “Özbekler Tekkesi”. Târih ve Toplum. Sayı: 15 (Eylül 1984), s. 38-43.
  • Hüseyin Vassaf. Sefîne-i Evliyâ (yazma eser). c.3, s.213-4.
  • Derman M.Uğur. Türk Sanatında Ebrû. İstanbul 1977. s.32-40.
  • Derman M. Uğur. “Edhem Efendi, Hezârfen”. TDV. İslâm Ansiklopedisi. c.10, s.416-7.
  • Derman M. Uğur. “Buhârâ’nın Vabkent’inden Üsküdar’ın Sultantepesi’ne”. Üsküdar Sempozyumu VI. 6-9 Kasım 2008. cild/2, s.95-100.
  • Tanman Baha. ‘Özbekler Tekkesi’. Diyanet İslam Ansiklopedisi, c.34/123-124;a. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, 2013 Kara, Mustafa. Din, hayat, sanat açısından Tekkeler ve Zaviyeler. İstanbul : Dergah Yayınları, 1980.
  • Sarı, Nil-Ü. Emre Kurt. “Üsküdar Miskinler Tekkesi”. Üsküdar Sempozyumu IV: 3-5 Kasım 2006 Bildiriler, 2007, cilt: II, s. 365-390.
  • Seyyar Ali. Tasavvufi sosyal hizmet: Sufilerin manevi terapi yöntemleri. İstanbul: Rağbet Yayınları, 2015.
  • Muhammed. Ebubekr, Şir’atü’l-İslâm, (Cev. L Uyan-F. Meyan) İst. 1980.
  • Yücer, Hür Mahmut. Osmanlı toplumunda tasavvuf: (19. Yüzyıl). İstanbul: İnsan Yayınları, 2003.
  • Yücer, Hür Mahmut. “Üsküdar Özbekler Tekkesi”. Antik Çağ’dan XXI. Yüzyıla Büyük İstanbul Tarihi: Din. V. 2015 cilt, 277, 279.
  • Yücer, Hür Mahmut. “İstanbul’da Mesnevîhanlık Geleneği ve Mesnevîhaneler”. Antik Çağ’dan XXI. Yüzyıla Büyük İstanbul Tarihi: Din. V. cilt, 257, 259, 261.
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Din Araştırmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hür Mahmut Yücer 0000-0002-6938-3674

Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Yücer, Hür Mahmut. “DERVISH LODGES AND CONVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF SOCIAL SERVICES”. Akademik Platform İslami Araştırmalar Dergisi 6/1 (Nisan 2022), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.52115/apjir.1008397.
Akademik Platform İslami Araştırmalar Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.