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Yenilenebilir Enerji Yatırımları ile İstihdam Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi: G7 Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 40 - 49, 31.07.2020

Abstract

Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları temiz, sürdürülebilir enerji türlerinden biri olmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yatırım yapan ülkeler veya şirketler fosil kaynaklara olan bağımlılığını azaltmakta, enerji talebini kesintisiz karşıladığı için enerji arz güvenliğini sağlamakta ve sürdürülebilir ekonomik kalkınmaya katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yatırım yapılması yeni iş alanlarının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamaktadır. Bundan dolayı, bu çalışmanın amacı, yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları ile istihdam arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaca bağlı olarak 1991-2018 dönem aralığındaki G7 ülkeleri inceleme kapsamına alınmıştır. Çalışmanın analiz sürecinde Pedroni ve Kao panel eşbütünleşme analizlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Her iki yöntemden elde edilen sonuçlara göre, yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları ile istihdam arasında ilişki bulunmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, G7 ülkelerinin istihdama yönelik iyileştirme çalışmaları yaparken, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yatırım konusunu dikkate alması gerekmektedir. Bu çerçevede, ülkelerin yenilenebilir enerji yatırımların arttırılmasına yönelik gerekli teşvikleri vermeleri yerinde olacaktır.

References

  • Ağpak, F., & Özçiçek, Ö. (2018). Bir İstihdam Politikası Aracı Olarak Yenilenebilir Enerji. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 112-128.
  • Barros, J. J. C., Coira, M. L., de la Cruz López, M. P., & del Caño Gochi, A. (2017). Comparative analysis of direct employment generated by renewable and non-renewable power plants. Energy, 139, 542-554.
  • Baruah, B. (2017, February). Renewable inequity? Women's employment in clean energy in industrialized, emerging and developing economies. In Natural Resources Forum (Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 18-29). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • Baş, H., & Kocakaya, M. E. (2020). Identifying the Relationship Between Health Expenditures and Life Expectancy at Birth: A Cointegration Analysis for MENA Countries. In Multidimensional Perspectives and Global Analysis of Universal Health Coverage (pp. 285-308). IGI Global.
  • Bekmez, S., & Ağpak, F. (2016). Non-Hydro renewable energy and employment: A Bootstrap panel causality analysis for countries with different income levels. Journal of Business & Economic Policy, 3(1), 32-45.
  • Bulavskaya, T., & Reynès, F. (2018). Job creation and economic impact of renewable energy in the Netherlands. Renewable Energy, 119, 528-538.
  • Cau, A. (2018). Renewable Energy Brings Employment in Indian Agriculture. London Journal of Research in Science: Natural and Formal.
  • Chen, Y., Wang, Z., & Zhong, Z. (2019). CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable and non-renewable energy production and foreign trade in China. Renewable energy, 131, 208-216.
  • Chen, Y. (2019). Renewable energy investment and employment in China. International Review of Applied Economics, 33(3), 314-334.
  • Dinçer, H., & Karakuş, H. (2020). Petrol Fiyatlarının Enflasyon Üzerindeki Etkisinin Belirlenmesi: G7 Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz. Uluslararası Hukuk ve Sosyal Bilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 1-12.
  • Dinçer, H., & Karakuş, H. (2020). Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Sürdürülebilir Ekonomik Kalkınma Üzerindeki Etkisi: BRICS ve MINT Ülkeleri Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 100-123.
  • Dinçer, H., & Yüksel, S. (2019). Multidimensional evaluation of global investments on the renewable energy with the integrated fuzzy decision‐making model under the hesitancy. International Journal of Energy Research, 43(5), 1775-1784.
  • Dinçer, H., Yüksel, S., & Adalı, Z. (2017). Identifying causality relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in developed countries. International Business and Accounting Research Journal, 1(2), 71-81.
  • Du, L., Dinçer, H., Ersin, İ., & Yüksel, S. (2020). IT2 Fuzzy-Based Multidimensional Evaluation of Coal Energy for Sustainable Economic Development. Energies, 13(10), 2453.
  • Dvořák, P., Martinát, S., Van der Horst, D., Frantál, B., & Turečková, K. (2017). Renewable energy investment and job creation; a cross-sectoral assessment for the Czech Republic with reference to EU benchmarks. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 360-368.
  • Erdal, L. (2012). Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları ve istihdam yaratma potansiyeli. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 171-181.
  • Ergör, Z. B. (2017). Yatırımcı duyarlılığı ile hisse senedi getirileri arasındaki ilişki: G7 ülkeleri ile gelişmekte olan ülkelerin karşılaştırmalı analizi.
  • Ersin, İ., & Baş, H. (2019). Güney Avrupa refah ülkelerinde sosyal harcamalar ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. SGD-Sosyal Güvenlik Dergisi, 9(1), 193-213.
  • Garrett-Peltier, H. (2017). Green versus brown: Comparing the employment impacts of energy efficiency, renewable energy, and fossil fuels using an input-output model. Economic Modelling, 61, 439-447.
  • Henriques, C. O., Coelho, D. H., & Cassidy, N. L. (2016). Employment impact assessment of renewable energy targets for electricity generation by 2020—An IO LCA approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 26, 519-530.
  • Hondo, H., & Moriizumi, Y. (2017). Employment creation potential of renewable power generation technologies: A life cycle approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 79, 128-136.
  • Iodice, P., d'Accadia, M. D., Abagnale, C., & Cardone, M. (2016). Energy, economic and environmental performance appraisal of a trigeneration power plant for a new district: Advantages of using a renewable fuel. Applied Thermal Engineering, 95, 330-338.
  • Jaraite, J., Karimu, A., & Kazukauskas, A. (2017). Policy-induced expansion of solar and wind power capacity: Economic growth and employment in EU countries. The Energy Journal, 38(5).
  • Jenniches, S. (2018). Assessing the regional economic impacts of renewable energy sources–A literature review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 93, 35-51.
  • Kara, F., & Ersin, İ. (2020). The Effects of Health Expenditures to Decrease Infant Mortality Rates in OECD Countries. In Multidimensional Perspectives and Global Analysis of Universal Health Coverage (pp. 357-383). IGI Global.
  • Karaca, C., Ulutaş, A., & Eşgünoğlu, M. (2017). Türkiye’de optimal yenilenebilir enerji kaynağının COPRAS yöntemiyle tespiti ve yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarının istihdam artırıcı etkisi. Maliye Dergisi, 172, 111-132.
  • Lambert, R. J., & Silva, P. P. (2012). The challenges of determining the employment effects of renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(7), 4667-4674.
  • Lee, H. C., & Chang, C. T. (2018). Comparative analysis of MCDM methods for ranking renewable energy sources in Taiwan. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 92, 883-896.
  • Lehr, U., Mönnig, A., Missaoui, R., Marrouki, S., & Salem, G. B. (2016). Employment from renewable energy and energy efficiency in Tunisia–new insights, new results. Energy Procedia, 93, 223-228.
  • Liu, F., Tait, S., Schellart, A., Mayfield, M., & Boxall, J. (2020). Reducing carbon emissions by integrating urban water systems and renewable energy sources at a community scale. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 123, 109767.
  • Lund, H. (2007). Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development. Energy, 32(6), 912-919.
  • Lund, P. D. (2009). Effects of energy policies on industry expansion in renewable energy. Renewable energy, 34(1), 53-64.
  • Mohammadi, A., & Mehrpooya, M. (2018). A comprehensive review on coupling different types of electrolyzer to renewable energy sources. Energy, 158, 632-655.
  • Mu, Y., Cai, W., Evans, S., Wang, C., & Roland-Holst, D. (2018). Employment impacts of renewable energy policies in China: A decomposition analysis based on a CGE modeling framework. Applied Energy, 210, 256-267.
  • Nguyen, K. H., & Kakinaka, M. (2019). Renewable energy consumption, carbon emissions, and development stages: Some evidence from panel cointegration analysis. Renewable Energy, 132, 1049-1057.
  • Owusu, P. A., & Asumadu-Sarkodie, S. (2016). A review of renewable energy sources, sustainability issues and climate change mitigation. Cogent Engineering, 3(1), 1167990.
  • Pedroni, P. (1999). Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 61(S1), 653-670.
  • Proença, S., & Fortes, P. (2020). The social face of renewables: Econometric analysis of the relationship between renewables and employment. Energy Reports, 6, 581-586.
  • Stavropoulos, S., & Burger, M. J. (2020). Modelling strategy and net employment effects of renewable energy and energy efficiency: A meta-regression. Energy Policy, 136, 111047.
  • Sukhatme, S. P., & Nayak, J. K. (2017). Solar energy. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Tunalı, H., & Ulubaş, M. A. (2017). Elektrik enerjisi tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki: G7 ülkeleri üzerine bir uygulama (1970-2015). Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 20(1), 1-13.
  • Vasant, L. G., & Pawar, V. R. (2017, June). Solar-wind hybrid energy system using MPPT. In 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS) (pp. 595-597). IEEE.
  • Widyastuti, S., Said, M., Siswono, S., & Firmansyah, D. A. (2019). Customer trust through green corporate image, green marketing strategy, and social responsibility: A case study.
  • Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Meral, Y. (2019). Financial analysis of international energy trade: a strategic outlook for EU-15. Energies, 12(3), 431.
  • Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Uluer, G. S. (2020). The Role of Technological Development on Renewable Energy Usage: An Econometric Analysis for G7 Countries. In Handbook of Research on Sustainable Supply Chain Management for the Global Economy (pp. 136-153). IGI Global.
  • Zhao, X., & Luo, D. (2017). Driving force of rising renewable energy in China: Environment, regulation and employment. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 48-56.
  • Zhong, J., Hu, X., Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Ubay, G. G. (2020). Analyzing the Investments Strategies for Renewable Energies Based on Multi-Criteria Decision Model. IEEE Access, 8, 118818-118840.
  • Zhu, L., Hu, L., Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., Karakuş, H., & Ubay, G. G. (2020). Analysis of Strategic Directions in Sustainable Hydrogen Investment Decisions. Sustainability, 12(11), 4581.
Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 40 - 49, 31.07.2020

Abstract

References

  • Ağpak, F., & Özçiçek, Ö. (2018). Bir İstihdam Politikası Aracı Olarak Yenilenebilir Enerji. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 112-128.
  • Barros, J. J. C., Coira, M. L., de la Cruz López, M. P., & del Caño Gochi, A. (2017). Comparative analysis of direct employment generated by renewable and non-renewable power plants. Energy, 139, 542-554.
  • Baruah, B. (2017, February). Renewable inequity? Women's employment in clean energy in industrialized, emerging and developing economies. In Natural Resources Forum (Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 18-29). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • Baş, H., & Kocakaya, M. E. (2020). Identifying the Relationship Between Health Expenditures and Life Expectancy at Birth: A Cointegration Analysis for MENA Countries. In Multidimensional Perspectives and Global Analysis of Universal Health Coverage (pp. 285-308). IGI Global.
  • Bekmez, S., & Ağpak, F. (2016). Non-Hydro renewable energy and employment: A Bootstrap panel causality analysis for countries with different income levels. Journal of Business & Economic Policy, 3(1), 32-45.
  • Bulavskaya, T., & Reynès, F. (2018). Job creation and economic impact of renewable energy in the Netherlands. Renewable Energy, 119, 528-538.
  • Cau, A. (2018). Renewable Energy Brings Employment in Indian Agriculture. London Journal of Research in Science: Natural and Formal.
  • Chen, Y., Wang, Z., & Zhong, Z. (2019). CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable and non-renewable energy production and foreign trade in China. Renewable energy, 131, 208-216.
  • Chen, Y. (2019). Renewable energy investment and employment in China. International Review of Applied Economics, 33(3), 314-334.
  • Dinçer, H., & Karakuş, H. (2020). Petrol Fiyatlarının Enflasyon Üzerindeki Etkisinin Belirlenmesi: G7 Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz. Uluslararası Hukuk ve Sosyal Bilim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 1-12.
  • Dinçer, H., & Karakuş, H. (2020). Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Sürdürülebilir Ekonomik Kalkınma Üzerindeki Etkisi: BRICS ve MINT Ülkeleri Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 100-123.
  • Dinçer, H., & Yüksel, S. (2019). Multidimensional evaluation of global investments on the renewable energy with the integrated fuzzy decision‐making model under the hesitancy. International Journal of Energy Research, 43(5), 1775-1784.
  • Dinçer, H., Yüksel, S., & Adalı, Z. (2017). Identifying causality relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in developed countries. International Business and Accounting Research Journal, 1(2), 71-81.
  • Du, L., Dinçer, H., Ersin, İ., & Yüksel, S. (2020). IT2 Fuzzy-Based Multidimensional Evaluation of Coal Energy for Sustainable Economic Development. Energies, 13(10), 2453.
  • Dvořák, P., Martinát, S., Van der Horst, D., Frantál, B., & Turečková, K. (2017). Renewable energy investment and job creation; a cross-sectoral assessment for the Czech Republic with reference to EU benchmarks. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 360-368.
  • Erdal, L. (2012). Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları ve istihdam yaratma potansiyeli. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 171-181.
  • Ergör, Z. B. (2017). Yatırımcı duyarlılığı ile hisse senedi getirileri arasındaki ilişki: G7 ülkeleri ile gelişmekte olan ülkelerin karşılaştırmalı analizi.
  • Ersin, İ., & Baş, H. (2019). Güney Avrupa refah ülkelerinde sosyal harcamalar ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. SGD-Sosyal Güvenlik Dergisi, 9(1), 193-213.
  • Garrett-Peltier, H. (2017). Green versus brown: Comparing the employment impacts of energy efficiency, renewable energy, and fossil fuels using an input-output model. Economic Modelling, 61, 439-447.
  • Henriques, C. O., Coelho, D. H., & Cassidy, N. L. (2016). Employment impact assessment of renewable energy targets for electricity generation by 2020—An IO LCA approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 26, 519-530.
  • Hondo, H., & Moriizumi, Y. (2017). Employment creation potential of renewable power generation technologies: A life cycle approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 79, 128-136.
  • Iodice, P., d'Accadia, M. D., Abagnale, C., & Cardone, M. (2016). Energy, economic and environmental performance appraisal of a trigeneration power plant for a new district: Advantages of using a renewable fuel. Applied Thermal Engineering, 95, 330-338.
  • Jaraite, J., Karimu, A., & Kazukauskas, A. (2017). Policy-induced expansion of solar and wind power capacity: Economic growth and employment in EU countries. The Energy Journal, 38(5).
  • Jenniches, S. (2018). Assessing the regional economic impacts of renewable energy sources–A literature review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 93, 35-51.
  • Kara, F., & Ersin, İ. (2020). The Effects of Health Expenditures to Decrease Infant Mortality Rates in OECD Countries. In Multidimensional Perspectives and Global Analysis of Universal Health Coverage (pp. 357-383). IGI Global.
  • Karaca, C., Ulutaş, A., & Eşgünoğlu, M. (2017). Türkiye’de optimal yenilenebilir enerji kaynağının COPRAS yöntemiyle tespiti ve yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarının istihdam artırıcı etkisi. Maliye Dergisi, 172, 111-132.
  • Lambert, R. J., & Silva, P. P. (2012). The challenges of determining the employment effects of renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(7), 4667-4674.
  • Lee, H. C., & Chang, C. T. (2018). Comparative analysis of MCDM methods for ranking renewable energy sources in Taiwan. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 92, 883-896.
  • Lehr, U., Mönnig, A., Missaoui, R., Marrouki, S., & Salem, G. B. (2016). Employment from renewable energy and energy efficiency in Tunisia–new insights, new results. Energy Procedia, 93, 223-228.
  • Liu, F., Tait, S., Schellart, A., Mayfield, M., & Boxall, J. (2020). Reducing carbon emissions by integrating urban water systems and renewable energy sources at a community scale. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 123, 109767.
  • Lund, H. (2007). Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development. Energy, 32(6), 912-919.
  • Lund, P. D. (2009). Effects of energy policies on industry expansion in renewable energy. Renewable energy, 34(1), 53-64.
  • Mohammadi, A., & Mehrpooya, M. (2018). A comprehensive review on coupling different types of electrolyzer to renewable energy sources. Energy, 158, 632-655.
  • Mu, Y., Cai, W., Evans, S., Wang, C., & Roland-Holst, D. (2018). Employment impacts of renewable energy policies in China: A decomposition analysis based on a CGE modeling framework. Applied Energy, 210, 256-267.
  • Nguyen, K. H., & Kakinaka, M. (2019). Renewable energy consumption, carbon emissions, and development stages: Some evidence from panel cointegration analysis. Renewable Energy, 132, 1049-1057.
  • Owusu, P. A., & Asumadu-Sarkodie, S. (2016). A review of renewable energy sources, sustainability issues and climate change mitigation. Cogent Engineering, 3(1), 1167990.
  • Pedroni, P. (1999). Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 61(S1), 653-670.
  • Proença, S., & Fortes, P. (2020). The social face of renewables: Econometric analysis of the relationship between renewables and employment. Energy Reports, 6, 581-586.
  • Stavropoulos, S., & Burger, M. J. (2020). Modelling strategy and net employment effects of renewable energy and energy efficiency: A meta-regression. Energy Policy, 136, 111047.
  • Sukhatme, S. P., & Nayak, J. K. (2017). Solar energy. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Tunalı, H., & Ulubaş, M. A. (2017). Elektrik enerjisi tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki: G7 ülkeleri üzerine bir uygulama (1970-2015). Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 20(1), 1-13.
  • Vasant, L. G., & Pawar, V. R. (2017, June). Solar-wind hybrid energy system using MPPT. In 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS) (pp. 595-597). IEEE.
  • Widyastuti, S., Said, M., Siswono, S., & Firmansyah, D. A. (2019). Customer trust through green corporate image, green marketing strategy, and social responsibility: A case study.
  • Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Meral, Y. (2019). Financial analysis of international energy trade: a strategic outlook for EU-15. Energies, 12(3), 431.
  • Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Uluer, G. S. (2020). The Role of Technological Development on Renewable Energy Usage: An Econometric Analysis for G7 Countries. In Handbook of Research on Sustainable Supply Chain Management for the Global Economy (pp. 136-153). IGI Global.
  • Zhao, X., & Luo, D. (2017). Driving force of rising renewable energy in China: Environment, regulation and employment. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 48-56.
  • Zhong, J., Hu, X., Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., & Ubay, G. G. (2020). Analyzing the Investments Strategies for Renewable Energies Based on Multi-Criteria Decision Model. IEEE Access, 8, 118818-118840.
  • Zhu, L., Hu, L., Yüksel, S., Dinçer, H., Karakuş, H., & Ubay, G. G. (2020). Analysis of Strategic Directions in Sustainable Hydrogen Investment Decisions. Sustainability, 12(11), 4581.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Finance
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hasan Dinçer 0000-0002-8072-031X

Hüsne Karakuş 0000-0003-1354-9580

Publication Date July 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE H. Dinçer and H. Karakuş, “Yenilenebilir Enerji Yatırımları ile İstihdam Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi: G7 Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz”, JSAS, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 40–49, 2020.